Tyre

A rock, now es-Sur; an ancient Phoenician city, about 23 miles, in a direct line, north of Acre, and 20 south of Sidon. Sidon was the oldest Phoenician city, but Tyre had a longer and more illustrious history. The commerce of the whole world was gathered into the warehouses of Tyre. “Tyrian merchants were the first who ventured to navigate the Mediterranean waters; and they founded their colonies on the coasts and neighbouring islands of the Aegean Sea, in Greece, on the northern coast of Africa, at Carthage and other places, in Sicily and Corsica, in Spain at Tartessus, and even beyond the pillars of Hercules at Gadeira (Cadiz)” (Driver's Isaiah). In the time of David a friendly alliance was entered into between the Hebrews and the Tyrians, who were long ruled over by their native kings (2Sa_5:11; 1Ki_5:1; 2Ch_2:3).

Tyre consisted of two distinct parts, a rocky fortress on the mainland, called “Old Tyre,” and the city, built on a small, rocky island about half-a-mile distant from the shore. It was a place of great strength. It was besieged by Shalmaneser, who was assisted by the Phoenicians of the mainland, for five years, and by Nebuchadnezzar (B.C.586-573) for thirteen years, apparently without success. It afterwards fell under the power of Alexander the Great, after a siege of seven months, but continued to maintain much of its commercial importance till the Christian era. It is referred to in Mat_11:21 and Act_12:20. In A.D. 1291 it was taken by the Saracens, and has remained a desolate ruin ever since.

“The purple dye of Tyre had a worldwide celebrity on account of the durability of its beautiful tints, and its manufacture proved a source of abundant wealth to the inhabitants of that city.”

Both Tyre and Sidon “were crowded with glass-shops, dyeing and weaving establishments; and among their cunning workmen not the least important class were those who were celebrated for the engraving of precious stones.” (2Ch_2:7, 2Ch_2:14).

The wickedness and idolatry of this city are frequently denounced by the prophets, and its final destruction predicted (Isa_23:1; Jer_25:22; Ezek. 26; 28:1-19; Amo_1:9, Amo_1:10; Zec_9:2-4).

Here a church was founded soon after the death of Stephen, and Paul, on his return from his third missionary journey spent a week in intercourse with the disciples there (Act_21:4). Here the scene at Miletus was repeated on his leaving them. They all, with their wives and children, accompanied him to the sea-shore. The sea-voyage of the apostle terminated at Ptolemais, about 38 miles from Tyre. Thence he proceeded to Caesarea (Act_21:5-8).

“It is noticed on monuments as early as B.C.1500, and claiming, according to Herodotus, to have been founded about 2700 B.C.. It had two ports still existing, and was of commercial importance in all ages, with colonies at Carthage (about 850 B.C.) and all over the Mediterranean. It was often attacked by Egypt and Assyria, and taken by Alexander the Great after a terrible siege in 332 B.C.. It is now a town of 3,000 inhabitants, with ancient tombs and a ruined cathedral. A short Phoenician text of the fourth century B.C. is the only monument yet recovered.”

Source: Smith’s Bible Dictionary

Tyre

tīr (צר, cowr. חר, cōr, “rock”' Τύρος, túros, “Tyrus”; modern Sur):

Source: International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

Tyre

1. Kingdom of:

Hiram, king of

1Ki_5:1; 2Ch_2:3

Hiram sends material to David for his palace

2Ch_2:3

Men and materials sent from, to Solomon, for the erection of the temple and his castles

1Ki_5:1-11; 1Ki_9:10-11; 2Ch_2:3-16

See Hiram

2. City of Tyre, situated on the shore of the Mediterranean:

On the northern boundary of Asher

Jos_19:29

Pleasant site of

Hos_9:13

Fortified

Jos_19:29; 2Sa_24:7

Commerce of

1Ki_9:26-28; 1Ki_10:11; Isa 23; Ezek 27; Ezek 28:1-19; Zec_9:2; Act_21:3

Merchants of

Isa_23:8

Antiquity of

Isa_23:7

Riches of

Isa_23:8; Zec_9:3

Besieged by Nebuchadnezzar

Eze_26:7; Eze_29:18

Jesus goes to the coasts of

Mat_15:21

Jesus heals the daughter of the Syrophenician woman near

Mat_15:21-28; Mar_7:24-31

Multitudes from, come to hear Jesus, and to be healed of their diseases

Mar_3:8; Luk_6:17

Herod's hostility toward

Act_12:20-23

Paul visits

Act_21:3-7

To be judged according to its opportunity and privileges

Mat_11:21-22; Luk_10:13-14

Prophecies relating to

Psa_45:12; Psa_87:4; Isa 23; Jer_25:22; Jer_27:1-11; Jer_47:4; Ezek 26-28; Joe_3:4-8; Amo_1:9-10; Zec_9:2-4

Source: Nave’s Topical Bible

Tyre

A rock, now es-Sur; an ancient Phoenician city, about 23 miles, in a direct line, north of Acre, and 20 south of Sidon. Sidon was the oldest Phoenician city, but Tyre had a longer and more illustrious history. The commerce of the whole world was gathered into the warehouses of Tyre. “Tyrian merchants were the first who ventured to navigate the Mediterranean waters; and they founded their colonies on the coasts and neighbouring islands of the Aegean Sea, in Greece, on the northern coast of Africa, at Carthage and other places, in Sicily and Corsica, in Spain at Tartessus, and even beyond the pillars of Hercules at Gadeira (Cadiz)” (Driver's Isaiah). In the time of David a friendly alliance was entered into between the Hebrews and the Tyrians, who were long ruled over by their native kings (2Sa_5:11; 1Ki_5:1; 2Ch_2:3).

Tyre consisted of two distinct parts, a rocky fortress on the mainland, called “Old Tyre,” and the city, built on a small, rocky island about half-a-mile distant from the shore. It was a place of great strength. It was besieged by Shalmaneser, who was assisted by the Phoenicians of the mainland, for five years, and by Nebuchadnezzar (B.C.586-573) for thirteen years, apparently without success. It afterwards fell under the power of Alexander the Great, after a siege of seven months, but continued to maintain much of its commercial importance till the Christian era. It is referred to in Mat_11:21 and Act_12:20. In A.D. 1291 it was taken by the Saracens, and has remained a desolate ruin ever since.

“The purple dye of Tyre had a worldwide celebrity on account of the durability of its beautiful tints, and its manufacture proved a source of abundant wealth to the inhabitants of that city.”

Both Tyre and Sidon “were crowded with glass-shops, dyeing and weaving establishments; and among their cunning workmen not the least important class were those who were celebrated for the engraving of precious stones.” (2Ch_2:7, 2Ch_2:14).

The wickedness and idolatry of this city are frequently denounced by the prophets, and its final destruction predicted (Isa_23:1; Jer_25:22; Ezek. 26; 28:1-19; Amo_1:9, Amo_1:10; Zec_9:2-4).

Here a church was founded soon after the death of Stephen, and Paul, on his return from his third missionary journey spent a week in intercourse with the disciples there (Act_21:4). Here the scene at Miletus was repeated on his leaving them. They all, with their wives and children, accompanied him to the sea-shore. The sea-voyage of the apostle terminated at Ptolemais, about 38 miles from Tyre. Thence he proceeded to Caesarea (Act_21:5-8).

“It is noticed on monuments as early as B.C.1500, and claiming, according to Herodotus, to have been founded about 2700 B.C.. It had two ports still existing, and was of commercial importance in all ages, with colonies at Carthage (about 850 B.C.) and all over the Mediterranean. It was often attacked by Egypt and Assyria, and taken by Alexander the Great after a terrible siege in 332 B.C.. It is now a town of 3,000 inhabitants, with ancient tombs and a ruined cathedral. A short Phoenician text of the fourth century B.C. is the only monument yet recovered.”

Source: Easton’s Bible Dictionary